Franz Rosenzweig's approach toward the history of philosophy was ambivalent. No other thinker has so often declared the end of the classical metaphysics and simultaneously drawn so much from the history of philosophy for his own philosophical project. Kant's critical philosophy, Schelling's conception of radical temporality, Hegel's dialectical method, Schopenhauer's discovery of the individual within the philosophical system, Nietzsche's critique of religion, Kierkegaard's paradox and Hermann Cohen's philosophy of correlation are just a few examples that Rosenzweig builds on and integrates into his own system. The contributions in this volume explore the dialogue between one of the most innovative thinkers of the first half of the 20th century and his philosophical references. They seek to identify these references and examine how Rosenzweig redefined them in his philosophical project.